How can chronic stress lead to impairment in performance?

Chronic stress can significantly impair cognitive function and decision-making abilities, making it the correct choice. When an individual is under prolonged stress, the body and brain are continuously affected by the stress hormones, which can lead to decreased focus, reduced memory retention, and difficulty in problem-solving. This mental fatigue can result in poor judgment and a lack of clarity, ultimately impacting work performance.

In contrast, the other options suggest effects that are contrary to the established research on stress and its impact on cognitive abilities. For instance, increased enthusiasm for work or enhanced cognitive function would imply that stress somehow improves performance, which is not consistent with psychological and physiological studies on chronic stress. Likewise, stating that chronic stress has no effect on performance overlooks the extensive evidence linking stress with diminished work capabilities. Understanding these aspects is crucial in recognizing impairment within the workplace context.